Histometric analysis of alveolar bone regeneration with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) and latex membranes

Gustavo Otoboni Molina,Marcelo Tomás De Oliveira,Jefferson Ricardo Pereira,Leonardo Buss,Janaina Salomon Ghizoni,João Davi Faraco Peruchi

doi:10.1590/s1677-32252013000300007

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the amount of connective tissue migrated into the extraction socket using EPTFE and latex membranes. Methods: Seventeen rats were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups: e-PTFE membrane (n = 6), Latex membrane (n = 6) and Control (no membrane, n=5). After extraction of the maxillary right incisor, the animals of the test groups were subjected to alveolar guided bone regeneration (GBR) surgery and received an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) and a latex membrane, respectively. Thirty days after surgery, the animals were killed and histometric analysis was done to evaluate the migration of connective tissue. Data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and multiple-comparison Tukey’s test at 5% significance level. Results: There was statistically significant difference between groups ePTFE and Latex (p=0.001), and between groups e-PTFE and Control (p=0.012), but no significant difference was found between groups Latex and Control (p=0.416). Conclusions: The ePTFE membrane showed better results and appeared more adequate for GBR therapy, forming a barrier to prevent the migration of connective tissue into the extraction socket. The latex membrane, on the other hand, did not show benefits over the control group.

Highlights

When all attempts maintaining the tooth have failed and extraction of teeth is inevitable, the dentist is faced with the concern of maintaining the height and thickness of the alveolar ridge, which are critical for rehabilitation with implantsupported dentures
The purpose of this study was to compare the use of ePTFE membrane, latex membrane and no biomembrane in the maintenance of the extraction socket, assessing the healing processes and tissue responses caused by membranes
The expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) membrane showed better results allowing less migration of connective tissue into the extraction socket, while the protection offered by the latex membrane against connective tissue invagination did not differ significantly from that of the control group

Summary

Introduction

When all attempts maintaining the tooth have failed and extraction of teeth is inevitable, the dentist is faced with the concern of maintaining the height and thickness of the alveolar ridge, which are critical for rehabilitation with implantsupported dentures. Alveolar bone resorption after tooth extraction results in a significant reduction in bone height. The connective tissue can have great influence on osteogenesis during alveolar healing and results in narrowing of the alveolus after approximately one month of extraction, due to local bone resorption. 185 Histometric analysis of alveolar bone regeneration with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) and latex membranes leads to aesthetic and restorative complications, such as decrease of bone volume for future installation of osseointegrated implants[1]. Periodontal regeneration and bone ridge restoration using physical barriers are well-established procedures in reconstructive surgery. It is possible to find different techniques using physical barriers[2,3,4,5,6,7] and the characteristics of the biomaterial and the design of the membrane used in guided tissue regeneration play an important role in obtaining good results[8]

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