Abstract
Teleostean fins when partially amputated suffer a regenerative process called epimorphic regeneration, characterized by the following stages: healing, based on the formation of a multistratified epidermal layer, the formation of a mass of pluripotent cells known as blastema, the differentiation of these cells, the synthesis and disposition of the extracellular matrix, morphological growth and restoration. The epidermis has a fundamental role in the regenerative process of fish fins, as the healing time of this structure leads it to a faster regenerative process and it also works as a defense against the external environment. In this sense, due to the fast regeneration shown by the epidermis, the aim of this paper is to study the histology of the regenerative dynamics of the carp fin tail (Cyprinus carpio), under the light and transmission electron microscope. Epidermic regeneration begins right in the first hours after the fin amputation and it continues throughout the regenerative process. After 24 hours, an apical epidermal cap is established. Cytoplasmatic prolongations and intercellular junctions are observed and the cells of the basal layer of the epidermis change from the cubic form to the cylindrical, due to the development of the cytoplasmatic organelles responsible for the synthesis of the basal membrane, lost after amputation. These results show the importance of histological studies in regenerative processes. We believe that the association of molecular biology with histological studies can throw further light onto these regenerative dynamics.
Highlights
The general structure of teleostean fins consists of skeletal structures known as lepidotrichia and actinotrichia, both surrounded by connective tissue and skin (Montes et al, 1982; Becerra et al, 1983; Santamaría and Becerra, 1991; Géraudie and Singer, 1992).The skin that covers the teleostean fins is constituted by the epidermis and the dermis
The epidermis has a fundamental role in the regenerative process of fish fins (Becerra et al, 1983; Akimenko et al, 1995), since the healing time of this structure leads to a faster process, avoiding specially, infective biotic processes by microorganisms found in water environments, such as fungus, bacteria and protozoan that can transmit diseases
In this period of regeneration, the cells from the basal layer had already initiated the synthesis of the basal lamina located right beneath the new regenerated epithelium (Figures 2 and 3), which had been lost at the time of the fin amputation
Summary
The general structure of teleostean fins consists of skeletal structures known as lepidotrichia (fin rays) and actinotrichia, both surrounded by connective tissue and skin (Montes et al, 1982; Becerra et al, 1983; Santamaría and Becerra, 1991; Géraudie and Singer, 1992).The skin that covers the teleostean fins is constituted by the epidermis and the dermis. The epidermis has a fundamental role in the regenerative process of fish fins (Becerra et al, 1983; Akimenko et al, 1995), since the healing time of this structure leads to a faster process, avoiding specially, infective biotic processes by microorganisms found in water environments, such as fungus, bacteria and protozoan that can transmit diseases. These microorganisms can take advantage of the physical damage and install themselves in these places generating infections that can interfere in the healing and the restoration of the wounded parts. In this sense, a vital function as a defense against the external environment (Quilhac and Sire, 1999)
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