Histological response in dental pulp of accelerate tooth movement using periodontal ligament distraction osteogenesis in dogs

Abstract

PurposeThis study compared initial histological change in dental pulp in response to periodontal ligament distraction osteogenesis (PLDO) with that to conventional orthodontic treatment to determine the effectiveness of PLDO. Materials and methodsPLDO was performed on the right side (PLDO group) and conventional orthodontic treatment on the left side (CCS group) in 6 male beagle dogs. Untreated teeth served as a control group. Radiographs were obtained after appliance activation. Change in pulpal blood flow was measured using a Doppler blood flow meter. The sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson’s trichrome for morphological observation. Cell response was observed by immunohistochemistry using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the TUNEL method. ResultsThe total movement distance of the premolar was significantly greater in the PLDO group than in the CCS group. A decrease in pulpal blood flow and the number of odontoblast cells was observed together with dental pulp capillary dilation at 5 and 12 days after appliance attachment in both groups. While many TUNEL-positive cells were observed on the 5th day in both experimental groups, they showed a decrease at 12 days. More PCNA-positive cells were observed on the 12th day than on the 5th day in both groups. There was no difference in invasiveness between the pulpal reaction to PLDO and that to conventional orthodontic treatment, suggesting that the level of recovery is similar. ConclusionPLDO enabled rapid tooth movement and initial histological change in the dental pulp was similar to that in response to conventional orthodontic treatment.