Histological features of scar tissue formation in different methods of postoperative wound closure

Abstract

Scar tissue formation is a natural reaction to a violation of the integrity of body tissues, including after any surgical procedure. The main role in wound reparative histogenesis occurs due to the growth of connective tissue, the cells of which begin to healing processes belongs to the connective tissue. A big role in wound healing processes belongs to the connective tissue, which cells have an extremely high reactivity, grow, from both edges of the wound, towards each other and fasten the edges of the wound with their fibers, which in turn become stronger (they are sclerosed) and form a dense scar. Factors such as heredity, the state of the immune system, the patient's age, the presence of concomitant diseases, and many others have a great influence on the healing of the postoperative wound and the formation of scar tissue. Also, intraoperative methods of influence on wound healing such as a method of wound closure, drainage, hemostasis, debridement, influence on wound infection, etc., are undoubtedly very important. An experimental study was conducted to study and compare the histological changes of scar tissue in some options for closing the postoperative wound at the early postoperative stage. 60 animals were operated on, that were divided into 5 groups: one control and 4 experimental. They compared the methods of closing surgical wounds using the methods of suturing the wound with knotted sutures, intradermal suture, gluing the edges of the wound and using the method of electrowelding of tissues. The results of the histological examination showed equal effectiveness of the compared methods of closing the postoperative wound, with a tendency for faster development of the connective tissue of the dermis in the group in which electric welding was used. Keywords: skin, scars, postoperative stage, morphological and morphometric methods, regeneration.