Abstract
The current study aimed to determine the pathological effects of chronic poisoning with sodium fluoride on some reproductive organs like ovary, and testis of adult’s male and female albino rats. Thirty-six male and female adult’s albino rats were divided into six groups. The first and second group of male and female rats are control groups was given tap drinking water, the third and fourth groups of male and female rats was given 150 ppm of NaF, the fifth and sixth group of male and female rats was given 300 ppm of NaF respectively for 90 days. The weights of male and female genital were recorded. Histological exam of control groups of female rats showed the typical histological structure of the ovary, while the NaF treated groups showed a decrease in growing follicles, in addition to thickening in tunica albuginea and deposition of eosinophilic material. In male control groups, the sections showed the typical histological structures of the testis, while the treated groups showed multinucleated spermatids in addition to the deposition of amorphous eosinophilic material in the interstitial tissue, coagulative necrosis, in addition to apoptotic and sloughed spermatogonia in the lumen of seminiferous tubule. These results indicate that sodium fluoride with 300 ppm has toxic effects on organ body weights and on the histology of the gonads of adult’s male and female albino rats.
Highlights
Fluoride is a natural element existing in the environment, prolonged exposure to fluoride (F) in air, soil and water, resulting in accumulation of these ions in the body by forming salts, mainly in the bones so that fluoride level above 3-6 mg/L may lead to skeletal fluorosis and in teeth, the level above 1.5 mg/L lead to dental fluorosis in both human beings and domestic animals [1,2]
Multiple investigations refer to a relationship between long-dated fluoride exposure and impairment of fertility various experimental on mice, rabbit, Guinea big and rats refers to adverse effects of sodium fluoride on the reproductive function of it [5,6] many researchers refer to modification in histological structures, reproductive hormone changes, fertility [7] and changes in organ body weight; the deleterious effects of sodium fluoride can be reduced by using different materials such as pomegranate seed oil [8], as well as the toxic effect of sodium nitrate can be reduced by ascorbic acid [9]
The relative weight of the male genitalia The treatment with sodium fluoride resulted in a significant decrease in testicular weight in the treated groups compared to the control group
Summary
Fluoride is a natural element existing in the environment, prolonged exposure to fluoride (F) in air, soil and water, resulting in accumulation of these ions in the body by forming salts, mainly in the bones so that fluoride level above 3-6 mg/L may lead to skeletal fluorosis and in teeth, the level above 1.5 mg/L lead to dental fluorosis in both human beings and domestic animals [1,2] Fluoride has both useful and mischievous effects on public health; several studies indicate that fluoride in low concentration is fundamental for both man and animals especially for growth and development of teeth and bones [3] chronic exposure to fluoride have disruptive effects on various tissues of body like apoptosis, neurological disorder, gastrointestinal disturbances and reproductive system dysfunctions, hemorrhage and cardiac arrest [1,4]. The current work aimed to study the toxic effects of sodium fluoride on the male and female gentile system that exposed to different concentration of it
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