Histological categorisation of the desmoplastic reaction is a predictor of patient prognosis in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Abstract

Histological categorisation of the desmoplastic reaction (DR) is an independent prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. However, it is unknown whether DR categorisation is predictive of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of DR categorisation in OSCC patients. Data were collected from 118 patients with OSCC who underwent a curative oesophagectomy with T2 or deeper wall invasion. The DR in each tumour was classified as mature, intermediate or immature based on the presence or absence of keloid-like collagen and myxoid stroma. We identified 49 mature DR tumours, 41 intermediate DR tumours and 28 immature DR tumours. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was highest in the mature DR group (42.8%), followed by the intermediate DR group (25.0%) and the immature DR group (19.9%) (P=0.022, log-rank test; P=0.006, log-rank trend test). The 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) rate was also highest in the mature DR group (48.5%), followed by the intermediate DR group (30.8%) and the immature DR group (26.8%) (P=0.031, log-rank test; P=0.010, log-rank trend test, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that an immature DR was an independent poor prognostic factor of OS and DSS (P=0.002 and P=0.004). DR categorisation of OSCC stroma following oesophagectomy is a useful diagnostic tool and an independent prognostic marker.