Histological and Radiological Evaluation of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Versus Whole Body Vibration on Healing of Mandibular Bone Defects in Rats.

Seyed Mohammad Razavi,Nan-Chen Hsieh,Javad Alizargar,Seyed Shahin Movahed Mohammadi,Milad Etemadi Sh,Shahrooz Momeni

doi:10.3390/medicina56090457

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Mechanical stimulation can improve the structural properties of the fracture site and induce the differentiation of different cell types for bone regeneration. This study aimed to compare the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) versus whole body vibration (WBV) on healing of mandibular bone defects. Materials and Methods: A mandibular defect was created in 66 rats. The rats were randomly divided into two groups of rats. Each group was subdivided randomly by three groups (n = 11) as follows: (I) control group, (II) treatment with LIPUS, and (III) treatment with WBV. The radiographic changes in bone density, the ratio of lamellar bone to the entire bone volume, the ratio of the newly formed bone to the connective tissue and inflammation grade were evaluated after 1 and 2 months. Results: LIPUS significantly increased the radiographic bone density change compared to the control group at the first and second month postoperatively (p < 0.01). WBV only significantly increased the bone density compared to the control group at the second month after the surgery (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Application of LIPUS and WBV may enhance the regeneration of mandibular bone defects in rats. Although LIPUS and WBV are effective in mandibular bone healing, the effects of LIPUS are faster and greater than WBV.

Highlights

Mandibular bone defects may develop due to dental conditions, trauma, tumors, or maxillofacial surgeries, and cause complications for patients
Woven bone forms during the first weeks, which is later replaced with lamellar bone and bone marrow during the modeling and remodeling phases [2]
Several factors may affect the healing process; of which, biomechanical conditions of the fracture site are a determinant factor in this regard [3]

Summary

Introduction

Mandibular bone defects may develop due to dental conditions, trauma, tumors, or maxillofacial surgeries, and cause complications for patients. Mechanical stimulation can improve the structural properties of the fracture site and induce the differentiation of different cell types for bone regeneration. This study aimed to compare the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) versus whole body vibration (WBV) on healing of mandibular bone defects. Results: LIPUS significantly increased the radiographic bone density change compared to the control group at the first and second month postoperatively (p < 0.01). WBV only significantly increased the bone density compared to the control group at the second month after the surgery (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Application of LIPUS and WBV may enhance the regeneration of mandibular bone defects in rats. LIPUS and WBV are effective in mandibular bone healing, the effects of LIPUS are faster and greater than WBV

Objectives

Methods

Conclusion