Histologic validation of auto-contoured dominant intraprostatic lesions on [18F] DCFPyL PSMA-PET imaging

Abstract

BackgroundPSMA-PET11Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron-emission tomography. has shown good concordance with histology, but there is a need to investigate the ability of PSMA-PET to delineate DIL22Dominant intraprostatic lesion. boundaries for guided biopsy and focal therapy planning. ObjectiveTo determine threshold and margin combinations that satisfy the following criteria: ≥95% sensitivity with max specificity and ≥95% specificity with max sensitivity. Design, setting and participantsWe registered pathologist-annotated whole-mount mid-gland prostatectomy histology sections cut in 4.4 mm intervals from 12 patients to pre-surgical PSMA-PET/MRI by mapping histology to ex-vivo imaging to in-vivo imaging. We generated PET-derived tumor volumes using boundaries defined by thresholded PET volumes from 1–100% of SUV33Standard uptake value.max in 1% intervals. At each interval, we applied margins of 0–30 voxels in one voxel increments, giving 3000 volumes/patient. Outcome measurementsMean and standard deviation of sensitivity and specificity for cancer detection within the 2D oblique histologic planes that intersected with the 3D PET volume for each patient. Results and limitationsA threshold of 67% SUV max with an 8.4 mm margin achieved a (mean ± std.) sensitivity of 95.0 ± 7.8% and specificity of 76.4 ± 14.7%. A threshold of 81% SUV max with a 5.1 mm margin achieved sensitivity of 65.1 ± 28.4% and specificity of 95.1 ± 5.2%. ConclusionsPreliminary evidence of thresholding and margin expansion of PSMA-PET images targeted at DILs validated with histopathology demonstrated excellent mean sensitivity and specificity in the setting of focal therapy/boosting and guided biopsy. These parameters can be used in a larger validation study supporting clinical translation.