Histochemical Analysis of Medicinal Raw Material Nitraria schoberi L., growing in the Territory of Central Kazakhstan

Abstract

The histochemical analysis of medicinal plants and raw materials makes it possible to establish the presence of certain groups of active as well as to study their localization in tissues. The article presents the results of histochemical analysis of leaves, stems and fruits of Nitraria schoberi L. These types of plant are used in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antiviral and bactericidal agent. Our research objective -to determine of the localization features of individual groups of biologically active substances in the above-ground and underground parts of Nitraria schoberi L., growing in the territory of Central Kazakhstan at the microscopic level. Materials and methods. Cross sections of the stem; transverse and superficial sections of leaves; Root transverse sections and a superficial preparation of Nitraria schoberi L. fruits were fixed in Strauss-Fleming solution, after which histochemical reactions were performed to locate and identify phenolic acids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, sesquiterpene lactones, and alkaloids. The study of microscopic signs, as well as histochemical tests, was carried out according to the methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Republic of Kazakhstan using a Biomed-4 light microscope. Results. Histochemical methods using light microscopy determined the localization of biologically active substances in the studied plant material. The presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides and sesquiterpene lactones in the studied raw materials was established. Conclusion. The localization of secondary metabolites was studied for the first time by histochemical tests in the tissues of Nitraria schoberi L. The results of histochemical studies can be used to confirm the authenticity, identification and standardization of the aerial and underground parts of Nitraria schoberi L.