Histo Hepatic Alterations in Commercially Important Fish (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans Spix &amp; Agassiz, 1829) Exposed to a Glyphosate-Based Herbicide

Aline Aparecida Ribeiro,Lidia Kazue Iukava,Edson Geronimo,Paula Montanhini Favetta,Ricardo De Melo Germano,Wesley Alves Trindade,Evanilde Benedito

doi:10.5296/jas.v9i3.18951

Abstract

The presence of herbicides in the aquatic environment can cause different effects at all levels of biological organization. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatic alterations of the herbicide Roundup WG® on juvenile Pseudoplatystoma corruscans exposed to three different concentrations of this chemical compound: 0.25g/1000L, 0.50g/1000L, and 0.75g/1000L, plus control treatment (0.00g/1000L). The experiment lasted sixty days and, in the end, liver fragments were collected for further histological processing, using the hematoxylin-eosin (HE) technique. Only the control group showed a statistically significant increase in body mass and total length during the experiment. Blood glucose also showed no difference among the sample groups. The lesions found in the liver considered severe were hemorrhage, vacuolization, and hypertrophy of hepatocytes and the presence of free melanomacrophages, recorded in the groups exposed to 0.50 and 0.75g/1000L. The results obtained in the present study indicate that the herbicide Roundup WG® can promote liver alterations in Pseudoplatystoma corruscans.

Highlights

1.1 Herbicide ConsumptionIn Brazil, the consumption of chemical compounds for pest control in plantations has grown in proportion to the growth of agribusiness, that is, due to the significant increase in monoculture cultivation, making it the largest consumer of pesticides in the world (Sousa et al, 2020).The increase in agricultural activity in the vicinity of watershed areas has caused great concern regarding its potential for contamination, due to the intense application of herbicides and other chemicals that help control pests in plantations (Silva et al, 2020).When applied directly to the soil, herbicides are subject to physical, chemical, and biological processes that will influence their activity and determine their permanence or not
This study aimed to evaluate the hepatic alterations of the herbicide Roundup WG® on juvenile Pseudoplatystoma corruscans exposed to three different concentrations of this chemical compound: 0.25g/1000L, 0.50g/1000L, and 0.75g/1000L, plus control treatment (0.00g/1000L)
The same occurred in relation to the length of the animals, where the difference was only considered statistically significant in the group that was not exposed to the herbicide (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

1.1 Herbicide ConsumptionIn Brazil, the consumption of chemical compounds for pest control in plantations has grown in proportion to the growth of agribusiness, that is, due to the significant increase in monoculture cultivation, making it the largest consumer of pesticides in the world (Sousa et al, 2020).The increase in agricultural activity in the vicinity of watershed areas has caused great concern regarding its potential for contamination, due to the intense application of herbicides and other chemicals that help control pests in plantations (Silva et al, 2020).When applied directly to the soil, herbicides are subject to physical, chemical, and biological processes that will influence their activity and determine their permanence or not. The increase in agricultural activity in the vicinity of watershed areas has caused great concern regarding its potential for contamination, due to the intense application of herbicides and other chemicals that help control pests in plantations (Silva et al, 2020). Once in the aquatic environment and depending on their physicochemical characteristics, the herbicide molecules can bind to suspended particulate matter, deposit at the bottom of the sediment, or even be absorbed by aquatic organisms (Silva et al, 2020) and in fish to accumulate in the liver. Herbicides present in water bodies can penetrate organisms through several entry ports and their degree of accumulation depends on the availability and persistence of the contaminant in the water. Herbicides or other water-soluble chemical agents can penetrate an organism through the entire surface of the body, gills, and mouth and can be bioaccumulated and biomagnified along the food chain and/or web (Rand Netter, 1985)

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