Hirshfeld surface, etching, mechanical and electrical enhancement analyses of pyramid pattern of Xylenol Orange dye in Triglycine Sulphate single crystals

Abstract

An organic dye as a guest in ferroelectric single crystal can be enhanced the optical, electrical and mechanical properties. The crystal structure of both TGS were estimated by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Hirshfeld surface, voids and fingerprint plot studies were performed to understand the intermolecular interactions of the TGS in graphical representation. The SEM and optical microscope observations of the chemically etched on faces (100) of both TGS crystals were revealed the presence of inverse triangular pyramid pits with dislocation density in order of 103–104 ​cm−2. The high mechanical stability and increased value in Curie temperature with low loss of dielectric permittivity were occurred in dyed TGS. A highly saturated P – E hysteresis loop and higher piezoelectric coefficients were observed in dyed TGS. The improved mechanical strength, dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties make the dyed TGS single crystals better candidate for electronic devices.