Abstract

Josephus Flavius took a particular interest in the relations between Hiram, king of Tyre, and Solomon. Describing their friendly relationship, maintained on a basis of equality, Josephus undoubtedly aimed at underscoring the importance of Solomon in the eyes of his non- Jewish readers, he was addressing in Jewish Antiquities , followed soon by Against Apion . The Deuteronomist presents the erection of a temple at Jerusalem as an enterprise achieved by Solomon with the help of Phoenician architects and craftsmen, who built it after a pattern then current in Syro-Phoenicia. Israel and Tyre were complementary countries from the economic point of view, Israel appearing as a continental, agricultural land, while Tyre was oriented towards seafaring and maritime trade. The name of Tarshish occurs first in the Phoenician inscription of the Nora Stele, that can be dated around 800 BCE and was found in Sardinia, in 1773. Keywords: Hiram; Jerusalem; Josephus Flavius; Solomon; Syro-Phoenicia

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