Hippo pathway in cancer: Examining its potential

Abstract

The Hippo pathway was first discovered and linked to human cancers in the year 2002. It plays a crucial role in the majority of cancers, making it a censorious field for future investigation. Cancer is one of the major health issues, and there is no current cure accessible to efficiently medicate or treat the disease. The disease follows a process of oncogenesis, leading to the transformation of healthy cells (controlled and regulated growth) into cancer cells (uncontrolled and dysregulated growth). Previous studies reveal that the role of the Hippo pathway remains the center in the modulation of developmental biology. The mutated and altered gene expression of LATS1/2 (Large Tumor Suppressor kinase), MST1/2 (Member of Sterile-20 proteins kinase), and YAPs (Yes Associated Proteins), which are the chief factors of the Hippo pathway, basically promotes the invasion and migration of cancer cells. Therefore, targeting the hippo pathway genes is of utmost importance when considering new treatment strategies such as precision or personalized medicine. In this review, we aim at describing how microRNAs, hippo-signaling pathways regulate and maintain the whole hippo signaling.