High-temperature X-ray diffraction analysis and reactive sintering of BaTiO<sub>3</sub> piezoelectric ceramics

Abstract

Barium titanate is a potential lead-free piezoelectric ceramic with high dielectric and piezoelectric constants. In this study, the reaction behavior of a mixed powder of BaCO3 and anatase TiO2 was investigated by using high-temperature X-ray diffraction analysis. Frequency and temperature dependences of the dielectric constant were studied for the reactively-sintered BaTiO3 ceramics. Relatively high piezoelectric constant (d33 ~120 pC/N) was obtained for BaTiO3 reactively-sintered at 1300°C for 2 h, even with a density only of ~85%, which implies the future improvement for reactively-sintered BaTiO3.