Abstract
As a graphite-like material, the LiBC can deliver a high capacity as an anode material in Li-ion batteries, which was strongly dependent on the carbon precursor. Developing a method to improve the capacity would be significant to study and utilize the LiBC anode material. Here we treated a pristine LiBC material with a high temperature to obtain four modified LiBC samples, and a reversible capacity of 353 mAh/g was delivered by a modified LiBC sample that was treated at 600 °C for 10h in a powder form wrapped with an Al foil, which was only 218 mAh/g for the pristine LiBC in Li-ion batteries. According to the XRD result, the layer structure of LiBC was maintained after the high-temperature treatment, while the lattice parameters were changed slightly, especially for the interlayer distance. And the modified LiBC samples showed the similar Raman spectra as the pristine LiBC except for the peak intensity, which indicates the lithium evaporation during the high-temperature treatment. Thereby, the high-temperature treatment can improve the capacity of LiBC through reducing the lithium content and modifying the crystal structure, and this method would make the LiBC material become a more promising anode materials in Li-ion batteries.
Highlights
In order to protect the environment, a lot of effort has been put into the development of renewable energy, even as it is a big challenge to produce a compatible energy storage system
The interlayer distance of LiBC was slightly decreased when increasing the lithium content from raw materials or synthesizing under a high hydrogen pressure. (Kudo et al, 2005; Fogg et al, 2006) it was modified through the lithium evaporation and exchange in the hightemperature treatment here, which improved the capacity of LiBC in Li-ion batteries
A pristine LiBC material was treated with a high temperature to obtain four modified LiBC samples
Summary
In order to protect the environment, a lot of effort has been put into the development of renewable energy, even as it is a big challenge to produce a compatible energy storage system. Lithium ions can reversibly intercalate into the layered graphite, of which the carbon atoms are hexagonally bonded through the sp hybridization (Chevallier et al, 2013) Considering their stable structure and light weight, it is still a very promising prospect to develop from graphite-like materials a next-generation anode material which would combine the superiority of graphite and a higher capacity. In our previous work (Jia et al, 2018; Li et al, 2018), we synthesized the LiBC material with a carbon precursor of acetylene black, which delivered a high reversible capacity of 500 mAh/g in Li-ion batteries. We treated a pristine LiBC material with a high temperature to make its reversible capacity increase from 218 to 353 mAh/g. At a room temperature of 25◦C, galvanostatic measurements were carried out with a battery charge/discharge system from Hokuto Denko Corp., and EIS measurements were performed on an electrochemical workstation (Biologic VSP300)
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