Abstract
A number of techniques to improve the sensitivity of helium resonance magnetometers is explored. Using a mathematical model of the helium cell discharge and optical pumping process, calculations indicate that substantial gains in sensitivity of a He4 magnetometer are possible. The improvements are obtained by use of larger cells and the replacement of the lamp with a laser as the source of pump radiation. A large cell (2 in. diameter×6 in. long) magnetometer with lamp pumping is calculated to have a sensitivity of 3×10−4 γ/(Hz)1/2, a value which has been experimentally verified. The projected sensitivity of a laser-pumped magnetometer varies between 2×10−5 and 4×10−6 γ/(Hz)1/2, depending on cell size.
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