Abstract
The $K{\ensuremath{\beta}}_{2}$ x-ray spectra of zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, and palladium targets bombarded with 20.8-MeV/amu ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}$ ions were measured with a high-resolution transmission-type bent crystal spectrometer. Well resolved ${M}^{1}$ and ${M}^{2}$ satellite lines were observed. Average M-shell and $3s,p\ensuremath{-}$ and $3d$-subshell ionization probabilities for nearly central collisions were deduced. These values are compared with theoretical predictions from the semiclassical approximation using hydrogenlike and Dirac-Hartree-Fock wave functions. The experimental energy shifts of the $K{\ensuremath{\beta}}_{2}{M}^{m=1,2}$ satellite lines are compared with values obtained from extensive multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations.
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