Abstract

A clear Pb(110) surface roughening phase transition has been observed at T r ∼415 K, which is ∼185 K below the bulk melting temperature, using the high-resolution low-energy electron diffraction technique. It is shown that the height-height correlation function diverges logarithmically at T r . The measured value of the roughening transition temperature agrees remarkably well with recent molecular-dynamics calculations. Evidence of surface melting at about 520 K is also seen from the anomalous behavior in the diffraction intensity

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