Abstract
High-resolution electron microscopy and electron diffraction are quite useful for structural characterization of perovskite-type superconducting copper oxides on the atomic scale. Valuable information on the crystal structures and the microstructures could be obtained from observed high-resolution images if severe conditions such as thinner crystals and definite defocus values are satisfied. The structure images and electron diffraction patterns include information not only on accurate atomic coordinates of cations but also on ordered arrangements of oxygen atoms and oxygen vacancies. Crystal structures of the various perovskite-type copper oxides were analyzed from the observed structure images. Modulated structures, defects, intergowth, surfaces, and interfaces were also investigated.
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