High-Pressure and High-Temperature Experiments with Large-Volume Apparatus

Abstract

AbstractLarge-volume high-pressure apparatus, particularly the piston-cylinder apparatus and multianvil presses, are described in this chapter. In Earth science, accurate determination and precise control of pressure and temperature in high-pressure and high-temperature experiments are crucial for applying the experimental results to the Earth’s interior. In materials science, a large sample volume is needed to synthesize new materials in large quantities for measurements of various physical and chemical properties. Experimental techniques for generation of high pressure and high temperature, accurate pressure determination and temperature measurement, etc., are discussed for quenching experiments and in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments that involve large-volume apparatus.KeywordsPiston-cylinder apparatusMultianvil apparatusPressure calibrationQuenching experimentIn situ X-ray diffraction experiment