Abstract
A neurophysiological detector (NPD) is a hybridization of olfactory system neurons of the fish crucian carp, Carassius carassius L., with a computerized electronic device connected to a high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). This system makes it possible to measure neurophysiological activities in the olfactory system of C. carassius L. after exposure of this fish to alarm pheromones. The construction of the system was presented for the first time at the 3rd International Symposium on Separation in Bio Sciences SBS 2003 in I. Brondz, et al., The Fish Olfactory System Used as an In-Line HPLC Neurophysiologic Detector NPD, 3rd Int. Symposium on Separation in Bio Sciences SBS 2003: A 100 Years of Chromatography, 13-18 May, Moscow, Russia, 2003, Abstract O- 27, p. 95. A complete paper was published in I. Brondz, et al., Neurophysiologic Detector (NPD)—A Selective and Sensitive Tool in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications, Vol. 800, No. 1-2, 2004, pp. 41-47, and the hybridization of living cells with an electronic device has been discussed (I. Brondz, et al., International Scientific-Technical Conference Sensors Electronics and Microsystems Technology (SEMST-1), 1-5 June, (Odessa), Ukraine, 2004, Plenum Lecture, Abstract p. 17; I. Brondz, et al., The European Chemoreception Research Organization ECRO 2004 Congress, 12-15 September, (Dijon), France, 2004, Abstract P-3; and I. Brondz, et al., Biosensors as Electronic Compounds for Detector in the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Electronic Components and Systems, Vol. 3, No. 103, 2006, pp. 25-27). In the present study, an HPLC equipped with an NPD was used to assess the influence of organophosphate (OP) pesticides on olfactory sensory nerves and the modification of nerve signals from the olfactory organ. The results show that exposure of the olfactory system to OP pesticides can lead to disruption of normal reflexes and to significant suppression of individual sexual activity and, as a result, to the suppression of a population.
Highlights
The results show that exposure of the olfactory system to OP pesticides can lead to disruption of normal reflexes and to significant suppression of individual sexual activity and, as a result, to the suppression of a population
This paper is primarily concerned with the use of neurons from the olfactory epithelium (OE) and olfactory bulb (OB) of the fish Carassius carassius L. as a physiologically specific and sensitive detection tool [1]-[5] in toxicology studies of organophosphate (OP) pesticides as possible endocrine and sexual activity disruptors
Several studies have reported observations of behavioral changes in fishes exposed to OPs [31] [39]
Summary
This paper is primarily concerned with the use of neurons from the olfactory epithelium (OE) and olfactory bulb (OB) of the fish Carassius carassius L. as a physiologically specific and sensitive detection tool [1]-[5] in toxicology studies of organophosphate (OP) pesticides as possible endocrine and sexual activity disruptors. The use of neurons from the OE and the OB of the nasal cavity and the brain of the fish as a neurophysiological detector (NPD) makes it possible to record significant changes in nervous activity of the olfactory system after exposure of the fish’s OE to the OP pesticide diazinon. Correlations between the signals from a DAD and NPD give undisputable evidence that behavioral changes of the fish C. carassius L. reflect structural changes in the signals from the olfactory organ after exposure to OPs. In addition to the direct toxicity of OPs as endocrine disruptors on the endocrine system of mammals [6], it was possible to connect the intoxication by OPs to neurophysiological signal modification and reflex disruption. This shows that OPs are potential neurophysiological, endocrine and reflex disruptors of sexual activity
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