Abstract

Flexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) hold great promise for future bendable display and curved lighting applications. One key challenge of high-performance flexible OLEDs is to develop new flexible transparent conductive electrodes with superior mechnical, electrical and optical properties. Herein, we demonstrate a new strategy to achieve a powerful transparent conductive electrode on plastic substrate that combines a quasi-random nanostructured optical coupling layer and an ultrathin metal alloy conduction layer [1, 2]. The optimum electrical conductivity, optical manipulation capability, and high tolerance to mechanical bending are realized in this composite electrode, which is favorable for the fabrication of ITO-free flexible OLEDs with state-of-the-art performance on low-refractive-index plastic substrate. The angularly and spectrally independent boost in light outcoupling of white emission is obtained by minimizing the waveguide mode, metallic electrode-related microcavity effect and surface plasmonic loss due to the integrated quasi-random outcoupling structure in the composite electrode [3–5]. The resulting white flexible OLED exhibits the high enhancement in efficiency, e.g., external quantum efficiency of 47.2% and power efficiency of 112.4 lm/W. In addition, this composite electrode has a scalable manufacturing potential in large-area flexible electronic systems.

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