High-performance cross-sandwich Huygens’ metasurface excited by congener quadrupole

Abstract

Huygens’ metasurface (HMS) can realize high-efficient real-time control of electromagnetic waves through impedance matching,which is specialty of multipoles. Previous designs of HMS mostly focus on realizing 2π phase coverage by combining different poles, while ignoring the limitation on transmittance caused by different attributes between poles. In this paper, we propose a new design of HMS, which can fulfill​ the excitation of the pure magnetic quadrupole (MQ) on target wavelength. Combined with the theory of multipole scattering, we strip off the interference of electric quadrupole by adding glass layers to the cross-shaped units. By optimizing the parameters of the unit after adding glass, we get an HMS element with extremely high transmittance and phase distribution covering full 2π. We found that the peak of MQ will be simultaneously affected by the thickness and position of glass, while the peak position will only be affected by the former. We also characterize the wavefront manipulation performance of the element by designing and simulating typical applications such as beam deflection, focusing and hologram reconstruction. This efficient wavefront modification indicates that multipole analysis is an effective way of dielectric Huygens’ metasurface parameter optimization and can be applied to computer-generated holograms, structured color display devices.