Abstract
A Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on a twin-core fiber was proposed and experimentally demonstrated for gas pressure measurements. The in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer was fabricated by splicing a short section of twin-core fiber between two single mode fibers. A micro-channel was created to form an interferometer arm by use of a femtosecond laser to drill through one core of the twin-core fiber. The other core of the fiber was remained as the reference arm. Such a Mach-Zehnder interferometer exhibited a high gas pressure sensitivity of -9.6 nm/MPa and a low temperature cross-sensitivity of 4.4 KPa/°C. Moreover, ultra-compact device size and all-fiber configuration make it very suitable for highly-sensitive gas pressure sensing in harsh environments.
Highlights
Fiber optic sensors have been demonstrated to extremely attractive for various areas of biomedicine, automotive industries and environmental monitoring [1,2,3,4,5,6]
We present a highly-sensitive pressure sensor based on a fiber in-line MZI, which is fabricated by using femtosecond laser (FS) micromachining and fusion splicing technique
I.e. fiber offset distance in splicing, will result in the decay of the fringe visibility that is harmful to sensing applications and a very short piece of twin-core fiber (TCF) (~200μm) was employed in this MZI to avoid the light coupling between the two cores and decrease the total insertion loss of this device
Summary
Fiber optic sensors have been demonstrated to extremely attractive for various areas of biomedicine, automotive industries and environmental monitoring [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Hollow-core fiber based FPI exhibits an pressure sensitivity of −23.4 pm/MPa [10]. Fiber-tip micro-bubble based FPI shows a pressure sensitivity of 315 pm/MPa [11]. We present a highly-sensitive pressure sensor based on a fiber in-line MZI, which is fabricated by using femtosecond laser (FS) micromachining and fusion splicing technique. This fiber interferometer is constructed by splicing a short section of twin-core fiber (TCF) between two single mode fibers (SMFs) and the separate cores of the TCF perform as the two interference arms. The ultra-compact size of the fiber interferometer is able to ensure a precise sensing location
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