Highly tunable and broadband graphene ring modulator

Abstract

We propose a ring modulator based on few-layer graphene with large tunability and modulation efficiency. Compared with monolayer graphene, a few-layer graphene structure can enhance the tunability linearly. In the proposed structure, the shift of resonance wavelength can be enlarged to 20.3 nm, implying the proposed modulator can achieve the bandwidth of 100 GHz. In addition, a large extinction ratio of 15.5 dB and a good temperature tolerance of 45 K can be obtained in this modulator.