Abstract
Si is one of the most promising anode materials for the next generation of lithium (Li) ion batteries (LIBs). Stability of Si based anode mainly depends on two factors: one is a stable nano-structure of Si which can tolerate large volume expansion/shrinking during Li injection/extraction process, another is a stable SEI layer formed in Si surface which are mechanically stable during cycling process. In this work, we report a scalable approach to prepare nano-structured Si particles in combination with a highly stable SEI layer formed in Localized High Concentration Electrolytes (LHCE) tailored for Si based LIBs. Comparing with the similar Si based anode materials available commercially, the new nano-Si based anode developed in this work exhibits a more than 20% improvement in cycle life (80% capacity retention) when the baseline electrolyte (1.2 M LiPF6 in EC-EMC (3:7 by wt.) +10 wt.% FEC) is used. Comparing with the baseline electrolyte, the new electrolytes developed in this work enabled a more then 30% increase in cycle life when the same anode material was used. These electrolytes are stable with both Si based anode and high voltage cathode such as Ni rich LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2 (x ≥ 0.6), LiCoO2 etc. Therefore, they have great potential for both electrical vehicles and consumer electronics applications.
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