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Abstract
Uniformly dispersed graphene effectively improves the strain-sensing capability of the composite film under a low graphene load in nanocomposites prepared with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and graphene (GNP) monolayer powder. The threshold concentration of graphene was determined by loading nanocomposites at different temperatures. For different concentrations, when using traditional uniaxial stretching, the rate of resistance change of films near the threshold concentration is five times higher than the rate of films with a high concentration. Compared with traditional uniaxial stretching, the biaxial stretching we introduced can effectively improve the sensitivity of the film by an order of magnitude. The change in the resistance of the film near the threshold concentration is due to the change of the tunnel length and the cross-section of the tunnel, whereas the high concentration of the film is due to the change of the conductive path inside the film. Biaxial stretching has different effects on films with different concentrations, but the final effect of increasing sensitivity is the same. This study provides guidance for improving the strain-sensing sensitivity of GNP/PDMS composite films and the application of biaxial tension in detecting human motions.
Highlights
The strain sensor based on the change of resistance by mechanical deformation has attracted great attention because of its extensive application in health monitoring and motion detection [1]
Polymer-based strain sensors have a fast response in the form of resistance changes when subjected to tensile or compressive strains, while meeting the requirements of high sensitivity, good repeatability, and wide test range for deformation monitoring [2,3,4,5,6,7]
In the selection of conductive fillers, Zheng et al found that the sensitivity and repeatability of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were superior to that of carbon black (CB) by comparing conductive composites with CB and CNTs as fillers [21]
Summary
Polymer-based strain sensors have a fast response in the form of resistance changes when subjected to tensile or compressive strains, while meeting the requirements of high sensitivity, good repeatability, and wide test range for deformation monitoring [2,3,4,5,6,7] This kind of strain sensor is usually fabricated by dispersing one or more electrically conductive fillers, such as carbon black (CB) [8,9,10], carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [11,12,13,14,15], and graphene (GNP) [16,17,18,19], in the insulating polymeric matrix. At present, CNTs are prone to agglomeration during processing, and the number of high-quality nanotubes is limited and the production cost is high [22]
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