Highly sensitive electrochemical sensor determination of drug in pharmaceutical analysis

Abstract

Modified carbon paste electrodes and screen printed electrodes were developed for the potentiometric determination of butenafine hydrochloride (BTFHC) in urine, serum and pharmaceutical preparations. Two modified carbon paste electrodes (electrodes A and C) and two modified screen printed electrodes (electrodes B and D) using tricresylphosphate (TCP) and o-nitrophenyloctyl ether (o-NPOE) plasticizers, respectively, were used. The electrodes showed a linear concentration range from 1.57×10-7 to 1.0 × 10-2 and 1.0 × 10-7 to 1.0 × 10-2 mol L-1 with detection limit of 1.57×10-7 and 1.0 × 10-7 mol L-1 for modified carbon paste (MCPEs; electrodes A and B) and modified screen printed (MSPEs; electrodes C and D), respectively. The calibration graphs have slope values of 56.95±0.56, 58.22±0.78, 56.18±0.66 and 57.69±0.39 mV decade-1 for electrodes A, B, C and D, respectively. The response time was relatively quick in the whole concentration range and was found to be 12s for electrodes (A and B) and 7s for electrodes (C and D). The electrodes were found to have life time of 82, 99, 160 and 185 days without showing any deviations in a pH range of 5.0–9.0 and 4.0–9.0 for MCPEs (electrodes A and B) and MSPEs electrodes (C and D), respectively. The fabricated electrodes displayed good selectivity for BTFHC with respect to number of common foreign inorganic cations, sugar species, organic and glycine as the fillers that may be added to the pharmaceutical preparation or biological fluids. Fortunately, such materials mostly do not interfere. The potential application of the sensors (A-D) was accomplished as a result of good recoveries made from real samples fortified with BTFHC. Results indicated the proficiency of the sensors reliable for rapid, onsite monitoring of BTFHC in pharmaceutical preparation and in biological samples.