Abstract
A competitive electrochemical immunoassay for highly sensitive detection of AFB1 is demonstrated using layer-by-layer (LBL) assembled quantum dots (QDs) as labels. To investigate the effects of the higher sensitivity of square wave voltammetric stripping (SWV) and of the LBL technique on the proposed immunoassays, the proposed assay was compared to electrochemical (EC) and fluorescent immunoassays, which did not use LBL technology. Peanut samples were analyzed using the three immunoassays. The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.018, 0.046 and 0.212 ng/mL, respectively, while the sensitivities were 0.308, 1.011 and 4.594 ng/mL, respectively. The proposed electrochemical immunoassay displayed a significant improvement in sensitivity, thereby providing a simple and sensitive alternative strategy for determining AFB1 levels in peanut samples.
Highlights
The most toxic aflatoxin is aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), which is produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus as a secondary metabolite
The bioconjugation consisted of the incubation of the antigen (AFB1-BSA) immobilized in the microtiter plates with the target AFB1, which came from standards or previously prepared samples competitively bound to the MAb-PbS
We proposed a new immunoassay technology for the detection of AFB1 using LBL
Summary
The most toxic aflatoxin is aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), which is produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus as a secondary metabolite. These types of fungi commonly infect agricultural crops such as oilseed and cereals. Many countries regulate AFB1 due to its extreme toxicity and widespread occurrence in staple foods and feed [1]. Aflatoxins are occasionally detected in corn, peanuts, cottonseeds, nuts, spices, milk, cheese, and in a variety of other foods [3]. They are stable at high temperatures and may resist cooking processes. A worldwide effort should be triggered to develop analytical methods for the detection of aflatoxins
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