Abstract
A hybrid sensing configuration for simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) written in an offset multimode fiber (MMF) interferometer using femtosecond laser pulse is proposed and demonstrated. A Mach–Zehnder interferometer is formed by splicing a section of MMF between two single-mode fibers (SMFs) and a high interference fringe of up to 15 dB is achieved. The sensing experimental results show a strain sensitivity of −1.17 pm/με and 0.6498 pm/με for the dip of MZI and Bragg peak, while a temperature sensitivity of 42.84 pm/°C and 19.96 pm/°C is measured. Furthermore, the matrix analysis has found that the strain and temperature resolution of the sensor are as high as ±12.36 με and ±0.35 °C, respectively. In addition, the sensor has merits of simple fabrication, good spectral quality, and high resolution, which shows attractive potential applications in dual-parameter sensing.
Highlights
Fiber optics sensors have been widely used to measure various physical parameters, such as temperature [1], strain [2], refractive index [3], etc., due to their advantages of anti-electromagnetic interference, high resolution, lightweight, and compact size [3,4,5]
We have proposed and investigated the sensing performances of a novel hybrid scheme for simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature, which consists of an fiber Bragg grating (FBG) embedded in one Mach–Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) based on offset single mode-multimode-single mode (SMS) fiber structure
The introduction of the FBG leads to higher-order cladding modes for the MZI, which is attributed to refractive index modulation induced by femtosecond laser pulses
Summary
Fiber optics sensors have been widely used to measure various physical parameters, such as temperature [1], strain [2], refractive index [3], etc., due to their advantages of anti-electromagnetic interference, high resolution, lightweight, and compact size [3,4,5]. We have proposed and investigated the sensing performances of a novel hybrid scheme for simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature, which consists of an FBG embedded in one MZI based on offset single mode-multimode-single mode (SMS) fiber structure. The strain and temperature resolution are as high as ±12.36 με and ±0.35 ◦ C, respectively, which is a resolution higher than many fiber sensors based on cascade structure and dual. The sensor has the advantages of simple fabrication and high fringe visibility Those characteristics have displayed the great potential of the sensor in the field of simultaneous measurement of dual parameter sensing
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