Abstract
Highly sensitive and rapid technology of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was applied to create aptasensors for influenza virus detection. SERS achieves 106−109 times signal amplification, yielding excellent sensitivity, whereas aptamers to hemagglutinin provide a specific recognition of the influenza virus. Aptamer RHA0385 was demonstrated to have essentially broad strain-specificity toward both recombinant hemagglutinins and the whole viruses. To achieve high sensitivity, a sandwich of primary aptamers, influenza virus and secondary aptamers was assembled. Primary aptamers were attached to metal particles of a SERS substrate, and influenza viruses were captured and bound with secondary aptamers labelled with Raman-active molecules. The signal was affected by the concentration of both primary and secondary aptamers. The limit of detection was as low as 1 · 10−4 hemagglutination units per probe as tested for the H3N2 virus (A/England/42/72). Aptamer-based sensors provided recognition of various influenza viral strains, including H1, H3, and H5 hemagglutinin subtypes. Therefore, the aptasensors could be applied for fast and low-cost strain-independent determination of influenza viruses.
Highlights
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been under intense investigation for sensor development in recent years
The present study aimed to develop SERS-based aptasensor for highly sensitive and express detection of different strains of influenza virus in biological fluids
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) tablets were from Ecoservice, Russia
Summary
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been under intense investigation for sensor development in recent years. For highly sensitive SERS-based sensors complicated substrates are required. Nanostructured metal–dielectric surfaces provide localization of the electromagnetic field in the nearsurface zone, resulting in giant enhancement of the signal, typically 106 times [3,4]. A variety of SERS–substrates comprise colloid particles of different sizes and shapes, composite nanoparticles with core–shell structures, and solid-state substrates with intermittent metallic and dielectric layers with both stochastic and periodic structures [5,6,7,8,9,10]. Silver was shown to be an optimal metal component of the SERS–substrate as it has highly negative real and small positive imaginary components of the permittivity [11,12]
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