Highly sensitive bromide aided SERS detection of furazolidone and 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone residual in aquaculture products

Abstract

Nitrofurazone antibiotics are a group of highly effective but banned veterinary drug. They will undergo quick metabolization in animal, and their metabolites could then bind on protein to form toxic metabolite-protein adducts that are stable for a long time in the organism. Hence, the sensing of nitrofurazone antibiotics and their metabolites in food animals and feeds is of great importance to food safety. The SERS detection of nitrofurazone antibiotics and their metabolites is still challenging. There are only limited reports on the SERS detection of furazolidone (FUZD) and even none about its metabolite 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ). Here in this work, we propose that, by introducing bromide modified Ag NPs, the sensing of FUZD can be easily realized, with a lowest detectable concentration (LDC) of 1 μg/L (ppb), making it one of the most sensitive methods in literature. The proposed method was also successfully applied for FUZD residues sensing in sea cucumber, salmon fish, and fish feeds with the LDC of 2, 0.2, and 50 ng/g, respectively. For AOZ, a LDC of 5 ng/g was realized in sea cucumber.