Abstract
In this study, we fabricate ammonia sensors based on hybrid thin films of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and conducting polymers using the Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) technique. The RGO is first prepared using hydrazine (Hy) and/or pyrrole (Py) as the reducing agents, and the resulting pyrrole-reduced RGO (Py-RGO) is then hybridized with polyaniline (PANI) and/or polypyrrole (PPy) by in-situ polymerization. The four different thin films of Hy-RGO, Py-RGO, Py-RGO/PANI, and Py-RGO/PPy are deposited on interdigitated microelectrodes by the LS techniques, and their structures are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results of ammonia sensing experiments indicate that the Py-RGO/PANI film exhibits the highest sensor response of these four films, and that it exhibits high reproducibility, high linearity of concentration dependency, and a very low detection limit (0.2 ppm) both in N2 and exhaled air environments. The current gas sensor, therefore, has potential for diagnostic purposes because it has the additional advantages of facile fabrication, ease of use at room temperature, and portability compared to conventional high-sensitivity ammonia sensors.
Highlights
In the last decade, mobile devices such as personal digital assistants (PDAs), smartphones, and tablet computers have been employed in healthcare systems
Four different hybrid thin films of Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and PANI and/or PPy were deposited on the interdigitated microelectrodes (IDEs) surfaces, and their NH3 sensing performances were measured as a function of the NH3 concentration in a nitrogen and/or a simulated exhaled air environment containing carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other trace gases
For Py-RGO/PANI, the spectrum had two peaks, at 900 and 1,590 cm−1, which are representative peaks for PANI, as well as the peaks at 1,340 and 1,600 cm−1 that are representative for Py-RGO30
Summary
Mobile devices such as personal digital assistants (PDAs), smartphones, and tablet computers have been employed in healthcare systems. We here report the fabrication and characterization of hybrid thin films of RGO and PANI and/or PPy with well-controlled thicknesses and structures by the Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) self-assembly technique on a substrate of interdigitated microelectrodes (IDEs). Four different hybrid thin films of RGO and PANI and/or PPy were deposited on the IDEs surfaces, and their NH3 sensing performances were measured as a function of the NH3 concentration in a nitrogen and/or a simulated exhaled air environment containing carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other trace gases.
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