Abstract
Highly loaded and dispersed Ni2P/Al2O3 catalyst was prepared by the phosphidation of Ni/Al2O3 catalyst with Ni loading of 80 wt.% in liquid phase and compared with the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst for the hydrogenation of acetophenone. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) etc. were used to characterize the textural and structural properties of the prepared catalysts. It was found that the Ni/Al2O3 and Ni2P/Al2O3 catalyst possessed high surface area, loading and dispersion. The Ni/Al2O3 catalyst had higher apparent activity while the Ni2P/Al2O3 catalyst had higher intrinsic activity for the hydrogenation of acetophenone (AP). Remarkably, the Ni2P/Al2O3 catalyst exhibited high selectivity to 1-phenylethanol, due to repulsion of the phosphorous (Pδ−) for phenyl group and attraction of the nickel (Niδ+) for oxygen atom of carbonyl group, leading to preferential hydrogenation of carbonyl group in acetophenone. The effect of the particle size of the catalyst on the chemical selectivity might be another reason for high selectivity on the Ni2P/Al2O3 catalyst.
Highlights
Loaded and dispersed Ni2 P/Al2 O3 catalyst was prepared by the phosphidation of Ni/Al2 O3 catalyst with Ni loading of 80 wt.% in liquid phase and compared with the Ni/Al2 O3 catalyst for the hydrogenation of acetophenone
PHE and CHMK can be obtained through hydrogenation of carbonyl group and aromatic ring, and further hydrogenated to obtain CHE and EB, respectively
The precursor was reduced in H2 (0.1 MPa and 40 mL/min) at 723 K for 2 h and cooled down to a reaction temperature, at which the feeding was fed into the reactor and the hydrogenation of AP began in situ
Summary
Loaded and dispersed Ni2 P/Al2 O3 catalyst was prepared by the phosphidation of Ni/Al2 O3 catalyst with Ni loading of 80 wt.% in liquid phase and compared with the Ni/Al2 O3 catalyst for the hydrogenation of acetophenone. The Ni2 P/Al2 O3 catalyst exhibited high selectivity to 1-phenylethanol, due to repulsion of the phosphorous (Pδ− ) for phenyl group and attraction of the nickel (Niδ+ ) for oxygen atom of carbonyl group, leading to preferential hydrogenation of carbonyl group in acetophenone. 1-phenylethanol (PHE), is a significant chemical intermediate and frequently used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and polymer industries [1], which can be obtained by the selective hydrogenation of acetophenone (AP) on supported metal catalysts. Though supported Ru catalysts had high selectivity for the hydrogenation of carbonyl group of AP to form PHE, it is active for consecutively converting PHE to ethylbenzene (EB), due to hydrogenolysis [5]. Costa and his co-authors found that the hydrogenation of AP on the SiO2 supported
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