Abstract
Introduction: Metal/graphene heterojunction structure has been one of the most crucial tools in the growth of high-performance Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform, which is appropriate for sensing applications. In this research, we developed a SERS platform, graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) decorated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on cellulose paper substrate, in which GNRs was synthesized by wet chemical based on unzipping process of Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), then GNRs hybridized with AgNPs through magnetron sputtering method.
 Methods: The morphology of graphene nanoribbons coated-Ag (AgNPs@GNRs) was analyzed by field emission scanning electronic microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The quality and thermal stability of GNRs were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis. Besides, its structure and quality were also characterized by Raman spectroscope.
 Results: The results show that the unzipping process of MWCNTs to form GNRs was strongly affected by dispersing time and stirring temperature. The suitable condition creating the Graphene Nanoribbons using MWCNTs was the dispersing time of 10 mins in an acid environment, stirring in 30 mins at room temperature and in 45 min at 100°C. Moreover, SERS platform of AgNPs@GNRs exhibit the outstanding SERS signal enhancement with rhodamine 6G (R6G) low concentration of 10-5 M compared with pristine graphene and silver thin film. This could be attributed to the synergistic effect between AgNPs, GNRs and analyze molecules based on the enhancement of electromagnetic mechanism (EM) and chemical mechanism (CM), which plays a vital role in promoting the improvement SERS behavior.
 Conclusion: Ag NPs assembled onto graphene nanoribbons/ cellulose paper substrate could also serve as SERS active substrates for practical applications in various fields at trace levels.
Highlights
Metal/graphene heterojunction structure has been one of the most crucial tools in the growth of high-performance Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform, which is appropriate for sensing applications
We developed a SERS platform, graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) decorated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on cellulose paper substrate, in which GNRs was synthesized by wet chemical based on unzipping process of Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), GNRs hybridized with AgNPs through magnetron sputtering method
This could be attributed to the synergistic effect between AgNPs, GNRs and analyze molecules based on the enhancement of electromagnetic mechanism (EM) and chemical mechanism (CM), which plays a vital role in promoting the improvement SERS behavior
Summary
Metal/graphene heterojunction structure has been one of the most crucial tools in the growth of high-performance Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform, which is appropriate for sensing applications. SERS platform of AgNPs@GNRs exhibit the outstanding SERS signal enhancement with rhodamine 6G (R6G) low concentration of [10−5] M compared with pristine graphene and silver thin film This could be attributed to the synergistic effect between AgNPs, GNRs and analyze molecules based on the enhancement of electromagnetic mechanism (EM) and chemical mechanism (CM), which plays a vital role in promoting the improvement SERS behavior. EM plays a significant role in enhancing the sensitivity of SERS platform based on the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) when the incident light interacts with the nanostructured metal surface, which generates the local electromagnetic field. It is usually called a “hot spot” and is one of the most factors for being responsible for improving the SERS performance. In the charge transfer process, if the increasing separation of positive and negative charge in the molecule
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