Abstract
Introduction Three-dimensional whole heart imaging becomes the method of choice in cardiac applications [1] as it avoids extensive planning of imaging slices and allows reconstructing arbitrary slice orientations. The drawback is a relatively long scan time on the order of several minutes which requires motion compensation to suppress motion artifacts. Prospective techniques such as respiratory navigator based gating or triggering including slice tracking is often used. Recently, retrospective approaches were successfully implemented by extending the image encoding matrix with motion operators and solving the system iteratively [2-4]. This allows for increased gating windows or even continuous scanning across the entire breathing cycle but necessitates detailed information of the underlying motion vector field at each acquisition.
Highlights
Three-dimensional whole heart imaging becomes the method of choice in cardiac applications [1] as it avoids extensive planning of imaging slices and allows reconstructing arbitrary slice orientations
A volunteer-specific motion model was retrieved from a low-resolution multi-2D prescan with a voxel size of 4 × 4 × 4 mm3, where each slice was acquired repeatedly in single-shot mode at different respiratory states
The motion vector fields between these respiratory states were calculated by image registra
Summary
Three-dimensional whole heart imaging becomes the method of choice in cardiac applications [1] as it avoids extensive planning of imaging slices and allows reconstructing arbitrary slice orientations. The drawback is a relatively long scan time on the order of several minutes which requires motion compensation to suppress motion artifacts Prospective techniques such as respiratory navigator based gating or triggering including slice tracking is often used. Retrospective approaches were successfully implemented by extending the image encoding matrix with motion operators and solving the system iteratively [2,3,4]. This allows for increased gating windows or even continuous scanning across the entire breathing cycle but necessitates detailed information of the underlying motion vector field at each acquisition. A template-based approach for retrospective motion correction was used to correct for respiratory motion artifacts in free-breathing coronary MR scans with gating windows as large as 20 mm
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