Abstract
Simplicity and higher DC efficiency are essential factors to be considered to enhance the overall performance of a rectenna system for microwave electromagnetic energy harvesting and Wireless Power Transfer. To that extent, this letter presents a novel and simple design of a rectenna having high radiation to DC efficiency. The proposed planar rectenna system consists of an $8\times 8$ planar metasurface array with a rectification circuit occupying a supercell of $2\times 2$ while the other cells are terminated with the optimal load resistance. On account of its wide input impedance response, the diode is mounted right at the feed of the metasurface cell, avoiding the use of a matching network between the metasurface cell and the diode. The output DC power of the 4 unit cells within the rectified $2\times 2$ supercell was connected in both series and parallel to study the ability of the rectenna to configure the total output current and voltage. The numerical and experimental results show that the proposed metasurface is capable of capturing the incident electromagnetic waves with radiation to dc conversion efficiencies exceeding 80%.
Highlights
M ICROWAVE energy harvesting and Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) has received much attention in many applications, such as health care and biomedical systems, sensors, internet of things applications, and wireless communications [1]–[7]
The use of metasurfaces to develop energy harvesting and WPT systems is of great interest due to the high absorption capabilities of electromagnetic energy that such surfaces can offer [10]
In the simulation of the proposed unit cell, we investigated the effect of the trace width on the efficiency as a function of frequency of the proposed unit cell and at the optimal obtained values of c3 = 0.5 mm, g3 = 0.5 mm, resistive load of 150 Ω, and S = 15 mm
Summary
M ICROWAVE energy harvesting and Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) has received much attention in many applications, such as health care and biomedical systems, sensors, internet of things applications, and wireless communications [1]–[7]. Aldhaeebiet al.: Highly Efficient Planar Metasurface Rectenna surfaces, having high radiation to AC efficiency reaching up to 97% Those studies did not incorporate a rectification circuit to convert the collected AC power to DC, in addition to the use of vias utilizing an additional layer for mounting the resistors where the collected energy is consumed. Other studies in [31]–[35], developed rectenna arrays with DC combining circuits making the collecting surface a planar one, occupying both the collectors and the rectifiers within the same layer Such rectenna arrays were limited to a total radiation to DC efficiency of lower than 70%. The proposed metasurface array has the capability of collecting electromagnetic energy over a wide impedance response, avoiding the use of a matching network which enables incorporating the rectifier and the collector cells within the same planar layer
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