Abstract
Light-driven hydrogenation of nitro compounds to functionalized amines is of great importance yet a challenge for practical applications, which calls for the development of high-performance, nonprecious photocatalysts and efficient catalytic systems. Herein, we report a high-efficiency Fe3O4@TiO2 photocatalyst via a sol-gel and subsequent pyrolysis strategy, which exhibits desirable photothermal hydrogenation performance of nitro compounds to functionalized amines with the excellent selectivity of >90% exceeding those of the state-of-the-art heterogeneous photocatalysts. Our experimental results and theoretical calculations for the first time reveal that Fe3O4 is the major active phase, and the strong metal-support interaction between Fe3O4 and reducible TiO2 further leads to performance improvement, taking advantage of the enhanced photothermal effect and the improved adsorption for the reactant and hydrazine hydrate. Notably, a variety of halonitrobenzenes and pharmaceutical intermediates can be completely converted to functionalized amines with high selectivities, even in gram-scale reactions. This work provides a new insight into the rational design of nonprecious photo/thermo-catalysts for other catalytic reactions.
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