Abstract
Low H2O2 production, narrow adaptive pH range and slow Fe(II) regeneration on the cathode still limit efficiency of electro-Fenton (EF) and its application. Herein, we designed a bifunctional catalyst with FeS and Fe3O4 nanoparticles dispersed on porous carbon (CFeS@C) using template of sodium alginate (SA)/FeSO4 hydrogel mixed with carbon black (CB), which presented high H2O2 generation efficiency and outstanding tetracycline degradation efficiency under wide pH ranges (3-8) with a low energy consumption of 19.6 kWh/kg total organic carbon (TOC). The introduction of CB created abundant oxygen vacancies in CFeS@C, promoting the oxygen adsorption and the electrochemical generation of H2O2, which further boosted the formation of •OH due to the interaction with Fe2+ on the cathode surface. Simultaneously, the reaction between the outer layer of FeS and Fe3+ not only accelerated iron cycling but also reduced the solution pH. It was verified that •OH and 1O2 played a dominant role in organics degradation. The system maintained stability after 10 cycles and effectiveness in the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater. This study would offer a new strategy to develop an efficient and durable bifunctional catalyst for heterogeneous EF system working in wide pH conditions for wastewater treatment.
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