Abstract
Background: Antibiotics have lasting effects on the environment. Among the properties of these substances are non-biodegradable, carcinogenic, high toxicity, and an increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Therefore, they should be removed from aqueous solutions and the point of this think was to adsorb amoxicillin (AMO) by magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite (MGO). Methods: The adsorption behavior of AMO was studied in a series of batch experiments as a function of pH (3-11), contact time (0-120 min), and AMO concentration (10-100 mg/L) different MGO dosages (0.1-1 g/L). The structures of MGO were confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results: The results revealed in optimized conditions (pH=3, contact time=75 min, AMO concentration= 10mg/L and adsorbent dose=0.75 g/L) maximum adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of AMO were 98.41 mg/g, respectively. The thermodynamical parameters showed that the sorption method was endothermal and spontaneous. Conclusion: MGO nanoparticles have extended capabilities such as easy and rapid separation from solution and high potential in removing AMO, so, it can be introduced as an appropriate adsorbent for removal of this antibiotics from water and wastewater.
Highlights
It can be seen that graphene oxide has a sheet shape and has a suitable porosity, which will increase the level of contact of the contaminant with the adsorbent and increase the adsorption efficiency
This study demonstrated that the magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite (MGO) in this work is effective adsorbents at complete adsorption of AMO from an aqueous solution
MGO was prepared by the Hummers method, a cheap technique
Summary
Drugs and personal care products are widely used in various fields such as medicine, agriculture, aquaculture and animal husbandry in people’s daily lives.[1,2] The presence of drugs in wastewater causes many environmental problems.[3,4] Global drug production has been on the rise since 2000, with penicillin production reaching 28,000 tons per year in 2003, equivalent to 60 percent of global antibiotic use per year.[5,6] More than 50 antibiotics are produced worldwide, including amoxicillin, penicillin and ciprofloxacin, more than any other antibiotic.[7,8] Amoxicillin is beta-lactam groups of drugs, which is prescribed for the treatment of infections of the body and as an antiviral drug for humans.[9]. Among the properties of these substances are non-biodegradable, carcinogenic, high toxicity, and an increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria. They should be removed from aqueous solutions and the point of this think was to adsorb amoxicillin (AMO) by magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite (MGO). Methods: The adsorption behavior of AMO was studied in a series of batch experiments as a function of pH (3-11), contact time (0-120 min), and AMO concentration (10-100 mg/L) different MGO dosages (0.1-1 g/L). Results: The results revealed in optimized conditions (pH=3, contact time=75 min, AMO concentration= 10mg/L and adsorbent dose=0.75 g/L) maximum adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of AMO were 98.41 mg/g, respectively.
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