Highly effective reduction of C-reactive protein in patients with coronary heart disease by extracorporeal low density lipoprotein apheresis

Abstract

An association between C-reactive protein (CRP) and coronary heart disease (CHD) has been shown. CRP is present in atherosclerotic lesions, and there is increasing evidence that it may contribute to inflammation. Reduction of CRP concentrations otherwise considered normal may thus be of therapeutic value. Heparin-induced extracorporeal low density lipoprotein precipitation (HELP) is an established apheresis procedure to treat CHD patients with hypercholesterolemia. CRP concentrations were determined pre- and post-apheresis in 13 hypercholesterolemic CHD patients, during a total of 31 treatment procedures as well as in the interval between two treatments in six-patients using a high-sensitivity CRP assay. In addition, the effect of the HELP precipitation buffer on serum CRP concentrations was investigated in vitro. HELP treatment reduced CRP concentrations on average by 65%. The presence of CRP in the LDL precipitate of a patient was also confirmed by Western-blot analysis. In vitro experiments with serum samples revealed that CRP was partly co-precipitated with LDL. Greater fluctuation was observed in the post-apheresis concentrations of CRP compared with LDL. These results show that CRP can be very effectively lowered in CHD patients through the HELP system. This may further explain the stabilization and reduction of atherosclerotic plaques in hypercholesterolemic patients previously demonstrated with this treatment procedure.