Abstract
Fibrin scaffold fits as a provisional platform promoting cell migration and proliferation, angiogenesis, connective tissue formation and growth factors stimulation. We evaluated a unique heterologous fibrin biopolymer as scaffold to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to treat a critical-size bone defect. Femurs of 27 rats were treated with fibrin biopolymer (FBP); FBP + MSCs; and FBP + MSC differentiated in bone lineage (MSC-D). Bone repair was evaluated 03, 21 and 42 days later by radiographic, histological and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. The FBP + MSC-D association was the most effective treatment, since newly formed Bone was more abundant and early matured in just 21 days. We concluded that FBP is an excellent scaffold for MSCs and also use of differentiated cells should be encouraged in regenerative therapy researches. The FBP ability to maintain viable MSCs at Bone defect site has modified inflammatory environment and accelerating their regeneration.
Highlights
Tissue repair is frequently necessary after skeletal diseases, congenital abnormalities, infections, trauma and surgical procedures after hematological, breast and ovary cancers
Negative markers MHC II, CD34, CD45, RT-1 and CD11b were expressed by 1.45%, 1.32%, 2.39%, 1.80% and 1.74% of cells, respectively (Figure 1F–J). These results demonstrate that cultured cells exhibited the characteristic phenotype of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)
Althoughautologous autologousbone bone graft remains gold standard for healing defects, graft remains thethe gold standard for healing largelarge bonebone defects, grafting grafting procedure complexity increases due to donor site morbidity, increased risk of infection procedure complexity increases due to donor site morbidity, increased risk of infection and poorand ability ability todefects fill complex defects [52], besides theto feasibility to obtainin material in adequate topoor fill complex
Summary
Tissue repair is frequently necessary after skeletal diseases, congenital abnormalities, infections, trauma and surgical procedures after hematological, breast and ovary cancers. Fractures with bone loss often require grafts or implants. Autologous and allogeneic grafts represent about 90% of bone tissue transplants while inorganic matrices represent the other 10% [1,2]. Ideal implants must act as scaffold for bone regeneration with host tissue integration. Main function of scaffolds is to offer structure and support for migration and specialization of different cells involved in healing. This structure should allow cell adhesion, attachment, differentiation, proliferation and biologic function for repair of the injured tissue [3]
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