Abstract
Climate changes is a global phenomenon exhibited by three prominent signals, that is: (1) global average temperatures are gradually increasing, (2) changes in global rainfall patterns and (3) rising of sea levels. The objective of this paper is review climate change impact on hydrologic flows of five basins of Ethiopia. This study reviewed climate change impact studies in five basins of Ethiopia: Blue Nile, Awash basin, Baro Akobo, Central Rift valley and Tekeze basin. Several studies approved that Ethiopia is vulnerable to climate change since the economy of the country mainly depends on agriculture, which is very sensitive to climate change. Water harvesting technology is very important to minimize climate change impacts. Keywords: Basin, Climate Change, Ethiopia, Hydrologic flow DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/10-3-04 Publication date: February 29 th 2020
Highlights
Climate change impacts on hydrologic flow of Blue Nile basin The study conducted on Lake Tana basin using different Global Climate Model (GCM) showed that there was a significant decline in mean annual flow for the different time periods
The other study conducted at Bilate watershed in the Ethiopian Rift valley basin using GCM and SWAT out puts, the results showed that average total seasonal flow shows decreasing pattern in month of March to September for A2a scenario but for B2a scenario it is almost constant
Summary Several studies conducted in Ethiopia strongly suggest that, water resource of the country respond to global warming in ways that will negatively affect the water availability and water supplies
Summary
Background Climate changes pose significant economic and environmental risks worldwide. It is a global phenomenon exhibited by three prominent signals, that is: (1) global average temperatures are gradually increasing, (2) changes in global rainfall patterns and (3) rising of sea levels. One of the major impacts of this phenomenon is on local water resource availability, whose impact will be felt by many sectors, including agriculture (Stocker, 2013). Climate change induced by the increase in carbon dioxide and other radioactive trace gases in the atmosphere. This was the focus of scientific investigations due to the fact that climate change has significant implications for the environment, ecosystems, water resources and virtually every aspect of human life (IPCC, 2001)
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