Abstract
We investigated the effects of 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on selected circulating adipokines and other cardiovascular diseases risks factors in men with obesity. Thirty men with obesity (age: 24.96±3.11 year, BMI: 30.92±1.04 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to HIIT and control groups. The HIIT group participated in a 12-week HIIT program (5×2 min interval bout at an intensity of 85-95% HRmax interspersed by 1 min passive recovery, three times per week), while the control group maintained their usual lifestyles. Blood lipids, insulin resistance, and select serum adipokines were assessed before and after 12 weeks of the intervention period. HIIT improved body composition and lipid profiles (p<0.05) and also decreased fasting insulin levels (p=0.001) and HOMA-IR (p=0.002) levels. Furthermore, HIIT increased levels of lipocalin-2 (p=0.002) while decreasing omentin-1 levels (p=0.001) in men with obesity. Changes in lcn2 and omentin-1 concentrations correlated with the changes in risk factors in the HIIT group (p<0.05). The results indicate that 12 weeks of supervised HIIT significantly improves both circulating concentrations of lcn2 and omentin-1, two recently described adipokines, and risk markers of cardiovascular diseases in men with obesity. Further research is necessary to understand the molecular mechanisms involved with these changes.
Highlights
Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease [1] with an escalating global prevalence over the last three decades [2]
Twelve weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) decreased body morphology and body composition indices such as weight (p=0.001; Effects sizes (ES): 0.431), body mass index (BMI) (p=0.001; ES: 0.428), waist circumference (p=0.0001; ES: 0.293), WHR (p=0.007; ES: 0.302), and body fat percent (p=0.001; ES: 0.458), while these parameters remained unchanged in the control group (p>0.05)
We examined the effects of HIIT on serum levels of two novel cardiovascular diseases (CVD) biomarkers, lcn2 and omentine-1, and other cardiovascular risk factors in inactive males with obesity, and we found that 12 weeks of HIIT significantly improves the concentrations of both these adipokines
Summary
Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease [1] with an escalating global prevalence over the last three decades [2]. The metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity are partly linked to an imbalance in the secretion of adipokines from adipose [2, 6]. Lcn is a pro-inflammatory molecule that has been implicated in metabolic and inflammatory disorders [8]. The expression and circulating levels of lcn are augmented in individuals with obesity and positively associated with the development of insulin resistance and obesity-related metabolic disorders [9]. To this end, obesity-induced increases of lcn levels are suggested to be novel and sensitive predictors of CVD [7, 10]
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