Abstract
High-grade gliomas in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 are rare and may therefore not be considered in the differential of brain lesions. Here, we describe 5 children with neurofibromatosis type 1; four of them developed various types of high-grade gliomas. The fifth patient had imaging features concerning for a high-grade lesion, but tissue diagnosis showed a low-grade glioma. The cases and literature summary provided here are to raise awareness for the occurrence of high-grade gliomas in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 and the limited ability of imaging features alone to predict a high-grade malignancy.
Highlights
Brain tumors associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) are typically low-grade gliomas (LGGs), such as pilocytic astrocytomas.[1]
A 6-week MR imaging follow-up showed lesion growth to 2.9 ϫ 2.5 ϫ 2.9 cm, which was localized to the tectal plate rather than the pineal gland, and interval development of an irregular and centrally necrotic–appearing area of contrast enhancement (Fig 1B)
The patient was diagnosed with NF1 on admission in accordance with diagnostic criteria.[15]
Summary
Our goal was to raise awareness of HGG in children with NF1 and to facilitate appropriate management, including tissue sampling
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