Abstract

Even though non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas were traditionally divided into “low-grade” and “high-grade” lymphomas based on expected indolent and aggressive clinical behavior, respectively, “high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL)” is now a specifically defined category of lymphomas in the 2016 WHO classification. It consists of a group of mature but aggressive B-cell lymphomas that are biologically and clinically distinct and should be classified as a separate category other than diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (DLBCL, NOS) or Burkitt lymphoma (BL). This chapter reviews the two entities under this new category: high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements, also called “double-hit” lymphoma (HGBL-DH), and high-grade B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (HGBL, NOS). We shall also discuss in details two other aggressive B-cell lymphomas which have overlapping morphological, immunophenotypic, or genetic features: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and Burkitt-like lymphoma with 11q aberration. Morphological mimics such as blastoid or other “high-grade” transformations of low-grade B-cell lymphomas will be examined to emphasize their distinguishing features from high-grade B-cell lymphomas mentioned above. Variants and subtypes of DLBCL are discussed in Chap. 6.

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