Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increasing risk of recurrent stroke and mortality. Nasogastric tubes used by dysphagic stroke patients may interfere with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) due to air leakage. This study was evaluated the effects and short-term tolerability of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy for OSA in stroke patients with nasogastric intubation. The HFNC titration study was performed in post-acute ischemic stroke patients with nasogastric intubation and OSA. Then, participants were treated with HFNC therapy in the ward for one week. Eleven participants (eight males) who were all elderly with a median age of 72 (IQR 67–82) years and a body mass index of 23.5 (IQR 22.0–26.6) completed the titration study. The HFNC therapy at a flow rate up to 50~60 L/min significantly decreased the apnea-hypopnea index from 52.0 events/h (IQR 29.9–61.9) to 26.5 events/h (IQR 3.3–34.6) and the total arousal index from 34.6 (IQR 18.6–42.3) to 15.0 (IQR 10.3–25.4). The oxygen desaturation index was also significantly decreased from 53.0 events/h (IQR 37.0–72.8) to 16.2 events/h (IQR 0.8–20.1), accompanied by a significant improvement in the minimum SpO2 level. Finally, only three participants tolerated flow rates of 50~60 L/minute in one-week treatment period. Conclusively, HFNC therapy at therapeutic flow rate is effective at reducing the OSA severity in post-acute ischemic stroke patients with nasogastric intubation. Owing to the suboptimal acceptance, HFNC might be a temporary treatment option, and CPAP therapy is suggested after the nasogastric tube is removed.
Highlights
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increasing risk of recurrent stroke and mortality
Seven of them refused the high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) titration study due to discomfort during the initial PSG study and two of them were excluded due to central sleep apnea (CSA) or sleep-related hypoventilation due to a medical disorder diagnosed by the initial PSG study
The remaining 11 participants (8 males and 3 females) who completed the titration study were all elderly with a median age of 72 (IQR: 67 to 82) years and a BMI of 23.5 (IQR: 22.0 to 26.6)
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increasing risk of recurrent stroke and mortality. This study was evaluated the effects and short-term tolerability of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy for OSA in stroke patients with nasogastric intubation. HFNC therapy at therapeutic flow rate is effective at reducing the OSA severity in post-acute ischemic stroke patients with nasogastric intubation. Central sleep apnea (CSA), which is usually noted in patients with acute stroke with unclear clinical significance and improve over time[3], was not excluded in their study Their results cannot be generalized to more severe stroke patients with OSA. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects and short-term tolerability of HFNC therapy at the therapeutic flow rate for OSA in dysphagic stroke participants with nasogastric intubation
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