Abstract
The second Rayleigh mode and the second and third Love modes were observed at Uppsala from atmospheric nuclear explosions over Novaya Zemlya. The group velocity dispersion, the energy, and the initial phase of the higher modes are calculated. The Rayleigh modes are generated by the action of the shock wave on the ground, and the energy is most effectively coupled when the apparent velocity of the shock wave is equal to the phase velocity of the surface wave. The Love modes are generated by some form of coupling with the second Rayleigh mode.
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