Abstract
AimsWe aimed to assess the association between triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index and kidney stones in US adults.MethodsData were obtained from the 2007–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants aged ≥18 years who were not pregnant and provided complete data about TyG index and kidney stones were included in the analysis. Weighted multivariable regression analysis and subgroup analysis were preformed to estimate the independent relationship between TyG index and nephrolithiasis and recurrence.ResultsA total of 20,972 participants were included with the mean TyG index of 8.71 ± 0.72. The prevalence rates of nephrolithiasis and recurrence were 9.30% and 3.17% overall and increased with the higher TyG index tertiles (Nephrolithiasis: Tertile 1, 6.98%; Tertile 2, 9.15%; Tertile 3, 11.98%, p < 0.01; Recurrence: Tertile 1, 1.84%; Tertile 2, 3.27%; Tertile 3, 4.50%, p < 0.01). Each unit increase in TyG index was associated with 12% and 26% higher odds of nephrolithiasis [odds ratio (OR) = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.02–1.22; p = 0.02] and recurrence (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.08–1.46; p < 0.01). Interaction tests indicated no significant effect of gender, age, body mass index, hypertension, and diabetes on this association between TyG index and kidney stones.ConclusionsHigher TyG index was associated with an increased likelihood of nephrolithiasis and recurrence. Considering TyG index is a reliable indicator of insulin resistance (IR). Treatment and management of IR at a younger age may improve or alleviate the occurrence and recurrence of kidney stones.
Highlights
Nephrolithiasis is caused by the abnormal accumulation of crystalline substances in the kidney and represents a significant economic and public health burden worldwide [1]
TyG index is more convenient and accessible in clinical practice compared with the plasma insulin in the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (IR) [7]
We obtained data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a study aimed to evaluate the health and nutrition status of the US population administered by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
Summary
Nephrolithiasis is caused by the abnormal accumulation of crystalline substances in the kidney and represents a significant economic and public health burden worldwide [1]. The prevalence of nephrolithiasis was estimated to be 7.2%–7.7% globally and showed an increasing tendency with years, with 5%–10% in Europe, 4% in South America, and 1%–19% in Asia, respectively [2, 3]. Nephrolithiasis shows a high recurrence rate of approximately 50% at 10 years [4]. Triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index is a logarithmized product of fasting triglyceride and fasting glucose. It has been regarded as a novel and reliable indicator of insulin resistance (IR), a forerunner of type 2 diabetes [6]. Previous studies have demonstrated that the elevation of TyG index correlates well with several diseases such as arterial stiffness, coronary artery stenosis, and erectile dysfunction [8,9,10]
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