Higher Occurrence Rates Of Foot Sesamoids And Accessory Bones In Wrestlers By Ct And 3d-reconstruction

Abstract

The sesamoids and accessory bones of feet are complicated and small but important in regulating pressure, frictions and direction of muscular traction. Multi-slice CT and 3D reconstruction becomes available for exhibiting bones’ morghology. PURPOSE: To investigate the morphological features of podalic sesamoids and accessory bones in professional wrestlers by CT and 3D reconstruction. METHODS: 9 male Guangdong wrestlers served as subjects (height: 168.2±2.1 cm; weight: 66.8±4.2 kg; age: 18.3±2.4 y) lying on back, and their feet were scanned by 64-slice spiral CT continuously along both feet transect for cross-sections of bones according the set: bone tissue window, 140kv power, 0.656mm pixel size,0.45mm layer distance. Based on the data with the Dicom3.0 standard, the 3D model was constructed by Mimics (Version 10) through the processing of standardized coordinate system of bone, reconstruction, threshold-value segmentation, regional growth, edge segmentation and alternative editing, etc). RESULTS: 53 sesamoids and 10 accessory bones are in the 18 feet. 36 sesamoids bones are below the first metatarsal bones while 17 in the great toe joints, with 2 to 3 sesamoids per foot. In 89% of the feet, the outer-side sesamoids of the first metatarsal bone are larger than the inner-side ones. The sesamoids occurrence rate of the first metatarsal is 100% and the interphalangeal joint is 94.4%, which is much higher than those of other studies. The occurrence rate of accessory navicular bone is 16.7% and that of the triquetral sesamoids is 22.2%. The average volume of the outer-side sesamoids is 434.87mm3, while the inner-side is 386.94mm3. The average surface area of the outer-side sesamoids is 298.8294m2, while the inner-side ones is 274.15 m2. The average volume of sesamoids on the toe joints is 55.49 mm3 with average surface area of 74.24 m2. The average volume of triquetral bones is 703.01 mm3 with average surface area of 417.41 m2. In all accessory bones, the triquetral bone in the right foot is biggest with volume 941.21 mm3, while the interphalangeal bone is smallest with 45.98 mm3. CONCLUSIONS: CT and 3D reconstruction may be effective for investigating the small bones. The sesamoids and accessory bones in feet of wrestlers could be common than no sportsmen, which is related to the acquired influence of Professional training.